Problems connected with a belt of drive gas distribution

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Problems with start-up of the engine, connected with a belt of drive gas distribution


Frequently, one of the reasons of the complicated start-up of the engine is sharp increase of the effort demanded for cranking of a cranked shaft. This problem can be caused by malfunction of many units. We shall pay attention on possible of a problem with a belt of a drive of the gas-distributive mechanism.

Check of the effort necessary for cranking of the engine
Sharp increase of effort cranking the engine can be caused by destruction and jamming of any bearing or the unit (the compressor of the conditioner, the hydraulic booster, the air compressor). From bearings bearings of bypass and tension rollers of a gear belt gas distribution, bearings of the water pump, the bearing of a tension roller of the compressor of the conditioner more often collapse. Destruction of bearings is promoted by an excessive tension of belts and absence of greasing in them. Any petrol engine can be turned on the sly if to pull two hands for drivebelts (a pomp, the generator, etc.).

Check of a belt gas distribution
It, perhaps, the most simple work. Take off a cover ignition distributor and turn a key of ignition in position "start". Naturally, central wire going from the coil of ignition, it is necessary to earth. If it is not present, as, for example, at engines 1S, 3A, etc. where the coil of ignition and ignition distributor are in one case it is necessary to separate any socket of the plait going in ignition distributor. If at cranking the engine "breaker" does not rotate, most likely, it is required to replace a gear belt, but before try to turn fingers "breaker".
If it will be possible, the belt can be and the whole, and the reason that cut off a pin in a drive ignition distributor (one such case on engine SA-18) as a result, for example, destructions of the automatic device of a centrifugal advancing of ignition is noted. It is generally better, if you connect a stroboscope and at rotation of the engine evidently will observe on labels on a flywheel the moment of submission of a spark. In this case at you will be hundred percent of confidence of correctness of installation of a belt gas distribution.



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Revealing and elimination of the reasons of the increased noise of the engine

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Revealing and elimination of the reasons of the increased noise of the engine

All engines should rustle. But at the same time any of shades of noise should not be allocated. More often noise is published with bearings and belts. Happens, that the pump of the hydraulic booster in a rudder, and in overwhelming majority of cases of rustles that in it there is not enough oil.To determine the reason of noise, it is necessary to remove and compare on one belt noise and .

First to remove belts of the hydraulic booster - to start and listen, then - a belt of the pump of the conditioner (it is not out of place for removing in general, not to tropics at us) and again to listen, and the order of removal of belts can be any, convenient for you. However, it is possible to taste from syringe serially to water all belts and if in noise that belt on which working surface water noise will disappear gets is guilty or will change. If all belts are removed, and the engine still rustles (with the removed belt of water cooling the engine of 1-2 minutes can work without consequences), that, means, bearings in rollers on which a gear belt gas distribution rustle. If it (bearings) to change greasing, noise, most likely, will stop. But happens, that greasing any more does not help, it is necessary to change the bearing.

From practice follows, that with the first bearings of the water pump, the generator, a bypass roller, a tension roller start to rustle. Then already others. But, certainly, this all depends on that, belts are how much strongly tense. The the belt is more strongly tense, the will more strongly rustle (and then the bearing something will collapse), that is resulted in rotation by this belt. When belts are removed, it is possible to twist fingers any roller (or a shaft if it is a question, for example, about the generator). Making it, closely listen. If at rotation you feel a rhythmical roar of rollers which are rolled inside of the bearing this bearing should change greasing immediately. If at rotation you will feel even one jamming or a roar of balls spasmodic - it is necessary to change the bearing because at it (it is visible on paths on which balls slide) the surface has already started to be painted and from it anywhere will not get to.

If at the bearing is any feel backlash (shake the platen which in it press on or an external holder concerning internal) also search new. In the old bearing it is possible to put in pawn new greasing and to do a bit of travelling it is a little, but only in the event that it costs somewhere in the generator or in the pump of the conditioner. If it is installed, for example, in a tension roller of a gear belt gas distribution on the diesel engine do not risk, estimate, in what to you repair when the bearing with backlash will collapse will manage or will jam.

Often happens, that start drivebelts (for example, the generator).
Do not rush to pull this belt at once. Perhaps, it that chock any the bearing or this belt has simply grown old: rubber on it tanned, here it and slip. To tighten a belt it is possible, but loading on the bearing (generator) that will not add to it longevity at once will increase.




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Adjustment of a tension teaze a belt

Adjustment of a tension teaze a belt of a drive of the generator

Tension of a belt of the generator of engine OHV


1 - a pulley of a cranked shaft;

2 - a pulley of the water pump;

3 - a pulley of the generator

Tension of a belt of the generator of engine CVH



1 - a pulley of a cranked shaft;

2 - a pulley of the generator

Tension of a belt of the generator of the diesel engine


1 - a pulley of a cranked shaft;

2 - a pulley of the water pump;

3 - a pulley of the generator
The tension teaze a belt is measured by means of the special measuring device on the cold engine.

The belt is considered was in the use if it has worked at least 10 minutes.

Check
THE ORDER OF PERFORMANCE
At absence of the measuring device check of a tension of a belt can be made pressing of the big finger of a hand the longest branch of a belt. To a correct tension there meets a deflection of a belt about 10 mm. teaze the belt with shabby edges, anguishes, cracks and traces scorch is a subject to replacement.

Adjustment
THE ORDER OF PERFORMANCE
1. To let off two bolts of fastening of the generator to the engine.
2. To let off a tension bolt and to move the generator to the engine, if a tension of a belt more demanded, or from the engine if the tension is not enough.
3. To delay a tension bolt and, then, bolts of fastening of the generator to the engine.


Tension of a new belt:
- Engine OHV 400 ± 150 Н
- Engine CVH 300 ± 150 Н
Tension of the belt was in the use:
- Engine OHV 450 ± 150 Н
- Engine CVH 350 ± 150 Н



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How to replace a gear belt of a cam-shaft

This operation carry out, when the belt has served the established norm - 100 000 km of run - or because of its damage: the breakage, cut off cogged pulley. We shall notice, that break of a belt and a stop of a cam-shaft on two-liter eight-valve the motor does not threaten with destruction of pistons, valves, pushers. Even completely open valves "not will get" up to pistons - feature of motors which put on many models "Opel" is those: "Senator", "Omega", "Record", to "Calibre".

From the special tool two are necessary horn a key " on 32 " and "36" for turn away
the fan of a radiator, hex head and, possibly, a plug (or horn a key) with a pharynx of 47 mm for turn of the case of the water pump. In this engine an axis of a pulley of the pump excentric axes of the case. Turning in this or that party{side} in the block of cylinders the case of the water pump, it is possible to displace a pulley and thus to pull a gear belt.

Jobs are better for carrying out on the lift though it is simple to make all and on a floor. We disconnect from the storage battery a "minus" wire. From a fuse expansion a tank of system of cooling we disconnect wires of the gauge of a level. Under the car from the right side of a radiator the bottom hose of a supply of water is disconnected and merged it in a wide bath (in two-liter engines " Opel " there is no special fuse for plum). It is a little having turned away a fuse expansion a tank, we shall depressurize system that the cooling liquid from a hose and a radiator leak is faster. Turning and turning on a fuse of a tank, it is possible to adjust this stream.

Having easied fastening of two collars, we remove a rubber air line between the filter and a receiver. We disconnect from a casing of the fan a wire, we remove two latches of fastening to a radiator and we take out a casing upwards, accurately dragging the bottom part by blades of the fan (in a casing is special cut-out). The fan it is necessary to arrange so that blades did not prevent this operation.

Under the car a metal brush we clear a groove of the tension device of a belt which results the pump of the hydraulic booster of a rudder, we grease her and by a key " on 19 " it is turned on one of nuts. We screw together against the stop the right nut, we easy a tension of a belt and it is removed it from pulleys. To two horn by keys " on 36 " and " on 32 " it is turned on muff with the fan from a shaft. (attention! On a nut muff the left groove.) the effort is required considerable - the moment of an inhaling is too great. Therefore it is necessary to put on a tube of suitable diameter one key, having extended the lever. Possibly, the assistant is required. If it will not be possible to turn away from the first attempt, try to turn all over again a nut, and then to turn away. Some such cycles will by all means lead to positive result. Then we remove the fan from a shaft.

Under a cowl two keys " on 13 " it is turned on a nut of fastening of the generator to a tension rod. We take out a bolt from a rod, we lift it, we remove the generator and we remove a belt of a drive of the generator and a shaft of the fan. We turn on a key " on 13 " a nut of the bottom fastening of the generator, holding a bolt on the other hand the second key " on 13 ".

We take out a bolt from eyes of the generator and its arm. We take the generator and accurately we put it on a longeron of the car.

We turn on horn a key " on 10 " four bolts, mount a pulley of a drive of the fan to a flange of a shaft, holding last a key " on 32 ". We remove a pulley from a shaft. hex " on 6>> it is turned on four bolts, mount the block of pulleys of a cranked shaft to gear. Thus crankshaft it is better to fix from rotation, having included the fifth transfer. We remove pulleys from a cranked shaft. We unfasten clip-on earrings of fasteners of a casing of a gear belt on internal and external perimeters, helping a screw-driver. We remove two casings from the engine.

We switch off transfer and, rotating a cranked shaft for a bolt a face key " on 17 ", we combine labels on gear pulleys of distributive and cranked shaft with labels on a casing of a gear belt and the bottom part of the block of cylinders (a label on the block and a pulley). hex " on 6 " it is a little turned on three bolts of fastening of the case of the water pump to the block. From above through wooden bolster (or metal bar) cautiously we put some impacts on a ledge of the case of the pump and it is turned it, easying a tension of a belt.

We remove a gear belt, we replace its new and all it is collected in return sequence.

To pull a belt follows until it can be turned fingers on 90. It approximately corresponds to the requirement of a deflection of a belt in the middle of a free branch on 10 mm. We turn on two turns a cranked shaft and we check concurrence of labels. And after that we continue assembly.

Correctly tense belts of the generator and the pump of the hydraulic booster should cave in in the middle of free branches on 5-6 mm. And their sizes are those: the generator - 9,5x950 mm, the amplifier of a rudder - 9,5x850 mm.

We fill system of cooling with a liquid, preliminary having removed a hose bringing it to the case throttle shutter. It is the uppermost point of system of cooling, therefore in her and air will accumulate. That it did not happen, we disconnect here a hose, and the system is quickly filled with a cooling liquid.

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Serpentine belt

Belt drive - the mechanism which is carrying out transfer of rotary movement by means of a belt, covering the pulleys fixed on shaft. Belt drive, being intermediate flexible communication{connection}, transfers{transmits} twisting moment from a leading pulley on conducted due to the forces of the friction arising between a tense belt and pulleys. Depending on type of used belts belt drives can be flat, chock and circular.
Be extended belt drives polychock the belts having chock ledges on the internal side. Flat and circular belts drive are used usually on one in transfer, and chock - on some pieces.

flat transfers are simple and convenient, allow to apply usual pulleys with a smooth surface, are capable to work at high speeds. However belt drives with use flat belts drive have low traction effort, significant dimensions and rather small transfer attitude.

chock transfers, providing the increased coupling of belts with pulleys, allow to reduce interaxal distance, to reduce the sizes of transfer and to increase the transfer attitude. Belt drives with use round belts drive are used mainly in drives of low power (in desktop machine tools, sewing machines... ).

Advantages of belt drives: constructive simplicity, rather small cost, ability to transfer power on significant distances, smoothness and noiselessness of work, protection of mechanisms from an overload due to elastic properties of a belt and its ability to revolve on pulleys. Lacks of a belt drive: short service life of belts, rather big sizes, high loading on shaft and bearings, inconstancy of the transfer attitude (because of inevitable slippage a belt). Be extended belts drive from highly elastic and strong synthetic materials, narrowchock and gear belts. Belt drives are widespread practically in all industries, and also in drives of the machines applied in an agriculture

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